Sunday, September 30, 2018

Wednesday, July 16, 1930: Bruening and Hindenburg Invoke Article 48


Berlin:  Following through at last on the long-threatened maneuver, President Paul von Hindenburg and Chancellor Heinrich Bruening invoke Article 48 of the German constitution – the “emergency decree” provision – to enact the Bruening cabinet’s package of emergency taxes and other financial reforms without Reichstag approval.  It’s the first time the emergency decree provision has been invoked.  The constitution allows for the unusual step in instances where “the public safety and order in the German Reich are disturbed or endangered.”
 
The chain of events starts this way: the Reichstag, which has been wrangling with Bruening’s cabinet for weeks over the measures, votes them down, 256-204.  After this the communists in the Reichstag begin shouting, “Resign! Resign!” at Bruening, who shouts back, “In the name of the government I must now declare that it no longer places any value on continuation of debate.”

Bruening’s cabinet then holds an hour-long meeting, during which they vote unanimously to invoke Article 48.  Bruening then goes to Hindenburg, who signs the decree enacting the measure as law.
 
The decree does not dissolve the Reichstag.  That step is covered by a separate article of the constitution.  But Hindenburg reportedly has already given Bruening a signed decree to dissolve the Reichstag if he needs it.
 
He may.  The Socialists have already announced their intent to bring a motion before the Reichstag tomorrow declaring the use of Article 48 illegal.  If it passes, it’s expected that Bruening would then use Hindenburg’s decree to dissolve the body.  Ironically, the nationalists are expected to vote against the socialists’ measure, or at least abstain, ostensibly just to spite them, and thus may help uphold Bruening’s government.  But much hinges on what happens in the Reichstag tomorrow.

Meanwhile, at the state level of government, Prussia lifts its ban on the Stahlhelm paramilitary after Hindenburg said he wouldn’t attend any Rhineland liberation celebrations there because of it (see yesterday).  The Stahlhelm’s leadership made the decision easier by promising not to allow military training exercises by its members.  Prussia’s ban was based on its official view that the Stahlhelm is essentially a military organization.  Lifting the ban means Hindenburg will resume his plans to attend celebrations in Prussian towns.

New York:  More bad economic news -- the Annalist magazine’s monthly index of business activity falls to its lowest level since 1924.   

No comments:

Post a Comment